Sound Design | Audio Post-Production

Tahap audio post-production terdiri dari proses editing -> mixing -> mastering. Sebelum post-production, yang harus dilakukan adalah breakdown / analisis terhadap naskah. Proses mixing sendiri membutuhkan logika yang kuat, teknik yang benar, dan plug in yang tepat.

(Sumber: realhd-audio.com)

Frekuensi suara biasanya terbagi menjadi Low - Low Mid – Mid - Hi Mid – High atau Bass – Middle – Treble. Suatu suara pada umumnya memiliki 3 frekuensi sekaligus. Contohnya, suara hujan yang terdiri dari gabungan berbagai suara seperti suara air (treble), petir (bass), serta tetesan air yang terkena suatu benda (middle).

Permasalahan yang seringkali terjadi di set adalah adanya suara yang muncul pada frekuensi bass yang tidak tertangkap oleh telinga manusia. Akan tetapi, alat perekam seperti boom mic tetap menangkap suara bass tersebut, sehingga ketika di post-production/cinema room baru terdengar dan pada akhirnya harus dilakukan proses dubbing.

Salah satu cara pencegahannya adalah dengan mengetahui range headphone. Setiap headphone memiliki kapasitasnya masing-masing dalam menjangkau suara. Range headphone dapat diukur dengan alat untuk mengukur frekuensi audio. Alat tersebut akan mengeluarkan suara dari berbagai frekuensi. Jika suara yang dikeluarkan di frekuensi tertentu tidak dapat terdengar, artinya range headphone tidak mencapai frekuensi tersebut. Contoh: headphone dengan range 4 Hz-120 kHz.

Sebelum melakukan tahapan mixing dan mastering dalam audio post-production, terdapat beberapa analisis mendasar yang harus dilakukan terkait dengan sound design, yaitu:

  • Diegetic/Non-Diegetic?
    • Diegetic: suara jadi bagian dari film, tokoh mengalami/mendengar suara tsb. Contoh: mobil, hujan, langkah.
    • Non-diegetic: suara yang hanya bisa didengar oleh audiens, tokohnya tidak. Contoh: detak jantung.
  • Realis/Hyperrealis?
    • Realis: suara sesuai logika sehari-hari. Contoh: suara hujan > dialog.
    • Hyperrealis: suara melawan logika/hukum alam (exaggerated, dramatic). Contoh: langkah > helicopter.

Realis dan hyperrealis juga bisa digabungkan dalam satu film, tergantung konsep yang dipilih:

  • Dominan realis.
  • Dominan hyperrealis.
  • Rata/seimbang. 

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