Sound Design | Audio Mastering

(Sumber: masteringbox.com)

Terdapat 3 satuan yang biasa digunakan untuk merender audio:

1. Satuan RMS

  • Biasa digunakan oleh bioskop.
  • Max: -6dB

2. Satuan True Peak (TP)

  • Biasa digunakan oleh software seperti pro tools, logic, dll.
  • Max: 0dB

3. Satuan LUFS

  • Biasa digunakan oleh media digital seperti soundcloud, insta, youtube, vimeo, spotify, dll.
  • Max: -14dB
Nilai maksimal dari tiga satuan tersebut bernilai sama (-6dB RMS = 0dB TP = -14dB LUFS).
Jika dilanggar = ketika suaranya diputar di speaker stereo, maka suara yang dihasilkan akan peak/pecah.
(Sumber: integraudio.com)

Cara Mengukur:

Di youtube terdapat section stats for nerds yang memuat informasi tentang loudness. Contoh: tertulis  loudness adalah -9.1dB (LUFS). Iklan di youtube/TV memiliki suara yang kencang, untuk menyamakan dengan konten yang ada.

Teknik Mastering

1. Manual: dengan cara mendorong threshold ke tempat dimana peak-nya berada.

Misalnya: suatu audio mempunyai peak rendah yaitu di -30dB, maka threshold kiri didorong ke bawah sampai ke -30dB, sehingga audio peak-nya secara otomatis naik ke 0dB. Yang penting audio tidak sampai menyentuh 0dB (tetap berada di bawah 0dB).

2. Automatic: dengan menggunakan plug in ozone 8 atau ozone 9.

Plug in ozone 8 atau ozon 9 bisa dibuka di software seperti premiere pro/adobe audition/da vinci resolve atau software audio lainnya. Pada plug in tersebut terdapat master assistance yang berfungsi untuk mebantu melakukan mastering.

  • Modules: pilihan modern/vintage.
    • Modern: sekeras mungkin, dinamikanya rapat.
    • Vintage: tetap keras tetapi dinamikanya masih ada (masih ada suara dialog biasa = terdengar biasa).
  • Loudness & EQ: pilihan manual/reference.
    • Low: dominan bass.
    • Med: dominan middle (seimbang).
    • High: dominan treble (bright).
    • Manual: plug in mendeteksi sendiri setting yang baik untuk audio tersebut seperti apa dan menentukan sendiri audio akan menjadi sekencang apa.
    • Reference: memasukkan 1 file berisi track referensi, misalnya potongan audio dari film X-Men sebagai acuan bagi plug in untuk menyamakan setting mastering dengan track referensi tersebut.
  • Destination: pilihan streaming/cd.
    • Streaming: untuk export ke media digital.
    • CD: untuk melakukan burn ke CD/DVD.

Cara Mastering:

Pilih bagian audio yang paling kencang, klik next, lalu software akan meminta untuk play audio, tapi volume harus dikurangin terlebih dulu karena bisa terjadi lonjakan audio yang membuat kaget (tiba-tiba pelan, tiba-tiba kencang). Setelah mengeklik play, plug in akan mendeteksi otomatis (analyzing audio). Kalau sudah di save, maka audio akan secara otomatis berada di level yang benar. Cara mengetahui level audio sudah ada di level yang benar adalah dengan melihat target (Misalnya -14.0 LUFS).

(Sumber: researchgate.net)

Setting audio yang ada di semua software:

  • 8 bit
  • 16 bit
  • 24 bit
  • 32 bit (floating)

Setting audio berhubungan dengan dynamic range. Semakin besar setting audio, maka noise akan semakin tidak terdengar (noise berada di bawah/tertutup).

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