Film Grammar

Shot: unit terkecil dalam bahasa film, sel penyusun film. Shot dimulai pada saat kamera mulai merekam (tanda rolling atau action) sampai dengan kamera berhenti merekam (tanda cut). Jumlah shot dalam sebuah film Hollywood bisa mencapai sekitar 2500 sampai 3000 shot.

Scene: unit yang terdiri dari beberapa shot dengan 2 variabel yang sama, yaitu satuan tempat dan satuan waktu yang sama. Jumlah shot dalam suatu scene sangat relatif. Sebuah scene juga bisa terdiri dari hanya satu shot, misalnya menggunakan dolly combo, tanpa perlu ada cutting.

Sequence: unit yang terdiri dari beberapa scene dengan satu pokok pikiran/gagasan yang ditunjukan dengan rangkaian peristiwa/adegan. Sebuah film terdiri dari sekian sequence.

*Take tidak dihitung sebagai unit penyusun film.

(Sumber: Bayu Prihantoro Filemon)

Tipe-tipe shot yang umum digunakan dalam film:

  • Long Shot (LS) -> untuk menunjukkan establish
  • Medium Shot (MS) -> untuk menunjukkan coverage
  • Close Up Shot (CU) -> untuk menunjukkan detail
  • Cut Away
  • Cut In

Susunan umum rangkaian shot dalam sebuah adegan terdiri dari 2 pendekatan yaitu:

  • Induktif: CU -> MS -> LS
  • Deduktif: LS -> MS -> CU

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